As far as my toddler daughter covering her head, it's more getting her USED to it than anything. But not wearing one until menses was just to signal in some cultures that the girl was ready for marriage, so I think the sooner they start the better.
Look at the icon of "Mala Gospoyna" (The Entrance of the Theotokos into the Temple). The Mother of God was how old? Do your research.
Why is that western women are so against something that is actually so liberating? I don't think Saint Paul considered women second class citizens. Quite the contrary, women are beautiful and can distract men in our fallen state, so by covering our heads and in fact conceiling our beauty we can even try to even the playing field.
I will be honest, I am young (21) and many men find me attractive depsite the fact I am married and have kids. Guys try to flirt with me all the time "around" church, like in the hall at dances or social events. When I started to cover in church SERIOUSLY, about a year ago I got some of the weirdest looks and some guys couldn't even look at me in the face, like when I would go to buy candles. Considering it's only me and two other women that are like 80 that regularly cover now, they must think I am some kind of fanatic. Needless to say, I get hardly ANY unwanted attention from men now in or outside of church, and a lot of them have even expressed warmth towards me for my outward display of piety. I get treated more like a "sister" now than a sex object. SOme women scoff anf make fun of you and joke for "looking like a Turk" and not having a hairstyle, but that's always the case when trying to do something that's right-people hate you for the sake of Chirst.
Also when I come in contact with other women who cover, mostly Russian who visit our parish, we automatically flock to one another and have something to talk about being the only two or three in scarves.
As far as the scarf bothering anyone or distracting them from prayer. HA!
Maybe you're just not tying it right! 
Covering my head in prayer.
In Christ,
Tessa